The Criminalization Of Prostitution Does More Harm Than...

Thesis: The criminalization of prostitution does more harm than good when often women are left unprotected, both socially and legally, and therefore, the United States should make efforts to decriminalize and regulate prostitution instead. I thought overall my essay turned out pretty good; prostitution was an interesting topic to research and write about. I think my essay could have been a bit better because I was a bit pressed for time these past few weeks with finals, and I didn’t get the chance to have another person read the final product. I think that if I were to revise it again, I would have another person take a look at the final essay and give me some feedback about the strength of my overall argument. I would like to know if it†¦show more content†¦The sex industry is highly divided between those who call themselves â€Å"sex workers†, and former prostitutes who call themselves â€Å"survivors† (Glazer 340). Women should have the right to choos e what they do for a living, including prostitution. The criminalization of prostitution does more harm than good when often women are left unprotected, both socially and legally, and therefore, the United States should make efforts to decriminalize and regulate prostitution instead. Opponents of legalization, contend that that prostitution is â€Å"a degrading and abusive practice that fosters crime, exposes prostitute to violence, and increases the spread of sexually transmitted diseases† (â€Å"Prostitution†). Some maintain that prostitution is not a victimless crime, and it damages women emotionally and physically; for example, street prostitutes experience high levels of post-traumatic stress disorder that are comparable to those among rape survivors, battered women, and survivors of torture, and have high rates of anxiety and depression. They also claim that there is no evidence to support the claim that legalizing prostitution would reduce the prevalence of assault; some analysts even claim that prostitution may foster attitudes that contribute to violence against women (â€Å"Prostitution†). The Coalition against Trafficking in Women claims that â€Å"prostitution affects all women, justifies the sale of any woman, and reduce all wom en to sex†,Show MoreRelatedShould Prostitution Be More Beneficial?1659 Words   |  7 PagesAllie Godat Jessica Perkins Writing 1 November 13, 2015 Prostitution In this essay, I will be giving my arguments on whether or not prostitution would be more beneficial to society and safer it wasn’t illegal. I will be giving you background information on the history of prostitution at the beginning of civilization, and how it came to be illegal in the United States. Next I will state the reasons why prostitution is currently criminalized, and why people think it should remain that way. I willRead MoreThe Effects Of Sex On The United States3198 Words   |  13 Pagesof Criminalizing Sex Work In The United States Sex work and prostitution has long been a taboo topic in many societies, and the United States is not exempt. It is viewed by many people outside of sex work as exploitive, degrading, morally wrong or questionable, and is criminalized in the United States. However, many people who hold these views, including government officials, either are misinformed about the effects of criminalization or simply do not know the extent of negative consequences. AreasRead MoreThe Legal Status Of Prostitution2252 Words   |  10 Pagesoutdated, but rather heavily debated upon over time is prostitution, a rather taboo topic in the 21st century. Defined as â€Å"the business or practice of engaging in sexual relations in exchange for payment† (Webster). 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These are the same law that was initially created to ‘keep the virtue of proper women’ intactRead MoreSex Trafficking : A Unique Sector Of Slavery1201 Words   |  5 PagesSex trafficking is a unique sector of slavery that primarily affects women and children. This is sexual exploitation for profit where victims face inhumane and volatile conditions. The practice comes in varying forms including brothels, strip clubs, and online services. This horrible occurrence happens secretly in practically any corner across the globe. Although it causes immense physical harm to its victims, the physiological and emotional damage remains severe and prominent. Victims from AsiaRead MoreProstitution and Human Trafficking Essay3070 Word s   |  13 PagesProstitution has been referred to as the oldest profession. Prostitutes can be found in every city and country across the globe. There are a large number of individuals who are currently in the United States and around the world who can be classified as a prostitute. They are expanding from the traditional street level prostitutes to highly paid, high class, prostitutes or escorts. Yet, what exactly would drive those men and women to pursue this class of work, once in this type of work what keepsRead MoreProstitution And Its Effects On Society2159 Words   |  9 PagesIn the United States of America, prostitution is illegal in forty-nine of the fifty states. In most countries worldwide, prostitution is illegal. Despite this, prostitution is still active in every single state, and every single part of the world. Sex work plays a key role of the sexism in American, and worldwide cultures. The criminalization of prostitution has created an underworld of illegal acti vity, that has traumatic consequences on an estimated one million prostitutes. This criminalizing alsoRead MoreThe World s Oldest Profession3990 Words   |  16 Pagescheeseburgers on commercials, and most definitely sells pornography, and movies. Prostitution is a taboo described as the world s oldest profession† worldwide, dating as far back as the 18th century BCE. Although forbidden by many religions, prostitution was practiced commonly by Greeks, Romans, China and other ancient cultures and civilizations. Ironically, it was from Mesopotamian religious practices that sex trade emerged from. Women would offer their ‘sacred’ body parts to men who would offer money toRead MoreEnd The War On Drugs Essay1289 Words   |  6 Pageswar on drugs dates back to 1971, when President Richard Nixon first popularized it. His presidency and administration were primarily responsible for getting the ball rolling. Following his presidency, every administration has more or less doubled down on his stance on the war on drugs. It has become a hot political issue that politicians now use to swing votes by the use of â€Å"fear† and promises of â€Å"safety†. However, the reality is that we are not anymore safe than we were in the 70’s. Drug use isRead MorePoverty and Squatter Syndicates Squatting4474 Words   |  18 Pagesareas in the Philippines. II. Squatting, Squatter Settlements and Squatters Squatting is defined as â€Å"occupying an abandoned or unoccupied space or building, usually residential, that the squatter does not own, rent or otherwise have permission to use.† It has its roots from the end of World War II, when people built makeshift houses called barong-barong inside abandoned private plots of land. Squatting is a major issue in the Philippines, especially in industrialized areas. Statistics in the past

Analysis Of Disney / Abc Television Group - 1214 Words

The paper’s content identifies and discusses Disney/ABC Television Group s consideration to outsourcing the network s distribution center to an external cloud infrastructure. The information explored when considering the move includes the effects on critical network operations, critical backup processes, ability to manage the system from multiple locations, and content and advertising management. Information supporting the decision includes the high-level business case, cultural effects, represented labor issues, information technology support, and managerial focus. The components of the system include migrating global programming play out, network delivery, and network operations to an IP cloud architecture (Imagine Communications, 2015). The migration to cloud technology uses components by Imagine Communications’ software-defined workflow management platform (Imagine Communications, 2015). Business Background Disney/ABC Television Group is an integral part of the Walt Disney Company s Media Networks line of business segment. The Media Networks segment comprises an array of broadcast, cable, radio, publishing and digital businesses across two divisions – the Disney/ABC Television Group and ESPN Inc. (The Walt Disney Company, 2015). The television properties include the ABC Television Network, ABC Owned Television Stations Group, ABC Entertainment Group, Disney Channels Worldwide, ABC Family as well as Disney/ABC Domestic Television and Disney Media DistributionShow MoreRelatedWho Owns It? Abc Essay895 Words   |  4 PagesWho Owns It? ABC Edward J. Noble obtained a small radio station branch in 1943 from NBC after the FCC declaration that no company could own more than one radio station, and with that the American Broadcast Company (ABC) was born (Erickson). Originally called the American Broadcast System, ABC had to set itself apart from the rest, the company-hired singer Bing Crosby to preform weekly shows, which helped distinguished them as a major player in the radio world. Then, in 1948, ABC took their chanceRead MoreDiversity at Disney5774 Words   |  24 Pages1 Disney Disney 2 For more than nine decades, the name Walt Disney has been preeminent in the field of family entertainment. From humble beginnings as a cartoon studio in the 1920s to today s global corporation, Disney continues to proudly provide quality entertainment for every member of the family, across America and around the world. The company is diversified, focusing on its mass media headquartered inRead MoreTaking a Look at Viacom1304 Words   |  5 Pagescom/about/pages/seniormanagement.aspx# Disney CEO - Robert Iger Robert Iger is currently The Walt Disney’s President and Chief Executive Officer and assumed this position in March 2005. 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Disney excelled in expandingRead MoreThe Walt Disney Company Strategic Planning Analysis1139 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The Walt Disney Company Strategic Planning Analysis Executive Summary Strategic Planning is the process of developing and maintaining a strategic fit between the organizations goals and capabilities as well as emerging market conditions and opportunities. Disneys primary strategic objective is to product high-quality content through their entire product mix. The company also had a record financial performance in 2010 led by the Disney movie studio last year was the first in history to makeRead MoreThe Management Of The Walt Disney Company1243 Words   |  5 Pagessaw and heard on a daily basis compared to fifty companies in 1983 (Lutz, 2012). The Walt Disney Company is one of them. In this report, we will take a look at how the Company has succeeded in growing into the media corporation it is today. A Look into the Company’s History The Walt Disney Company was first founded in 1923 by Walt and Roy Disney (Wasko, 2011). It was first known under the name of the Disney Brothers Studio, before changing its name in 1986 (Disney’s history of magic: Timeline, 2013)Read MoreMarketing Strategies Of The Walt Disney Company1770 Words   |  8 Pagesstrategies of, The Walt Disney Company, using some concepts, models, and frameworks that we have learned in class. In this project/paper we have addressed in our power point presentation, the following issues: the product/service’s basic information, a description of the product/service’s marketing strategy, our own analysis of the firm’s marketing practices, and our recommendations to improve the effectiveness of marketing. To start, our group divided the workload evenly among our group members. We brokeRead MoreCase Study Disney1005 Words   |  5 Pages02/11/08 Agenda ââ€" º About Disney ââ€" º Divisions of Disney ââ€" º A bit of History ââ€" º About the CASE ââ€" º SWOT Analysis ââ€" º Its Current Executive Management ââ€" º Recommended Organizational structures ï‚ § Model 1 ï‚ § Model 2 ï‚ § Model 3 02/11/08 About Disney ââ€" º ââ€" º ââ€" º ââ€" º The Walt Disney Company (most commonly known as Disney) (NYSE: DIS) is one of the largest media and entertainment corporations in the world. Founded on October 16, 1923 by brothers Walt and Roy Disney as a small animation studio Today

Peer Reviewed Articles Practical Research Planning

Question: Discuss about thePeer Reviewed Articlesfor Practical Research Planning. Answer: Introduction A peer-reviewed article is the one which is critiqued by experts in the field before its publication (Leedy Ormrod, 2016). Below are the ways of telling if an article is peer-reviewed. Authors of scholarly articles are experts in the field of study that they are discussing. The expert's credentials tend to be listed. The author assumes they are addressing the audience with a degree program, other scholars, researchers, and students. Previous research of the expert's articles is used by the authors along with both in-text and end of paper research citations. Always, peer-reviewed articles have an abstract at the beginning of the research paper. Peer-reviewed articles are critiqued by either two or three outside referees. The author gives names and addresses of a maximum of four experts who review the manuscript. In telling the peer-reviewed articles, certain databases were helpful, and these include JSTOR, Scopus, and Business Source Premier. Jstor was more useful since most research is conducted in the Arts and Humanities sector. JSTOR database is found in the university library under the Arts and Humanities shelf. The database is currently available to students, faculty, and staff in the college. JSTOR is very helpful. The database allows students to access university's scholarly journals quickly. It provides different information which serves different needs of researchers as it allows students to subscribe to the preferred services. There are other databases that would have helped in gathering this information. Examples of such databases include ABI/Inform, Academic Search, Scopus, and Google (Scholar Zeichner Schulte, 2001). However, JSTOR offered adequate information than the others. References Leedy, P., Ormrod, J. (2016). Practical Research Planning and Design. Boston, MA: Pearson. Zeichner, K. M., Schulte, A. K. (2001). What we know and dont know from peer- reviewed research about alternative teacher certification programs.Journal of TeacherEducation,52(4), 266-282.

UVOD Essays - , Term Papers, Research Papers

UVOD Jean-Francois Lyotard je bio vodeci francuski filozof i knjizevni kriticar. Rodjen je 10. kolovoza 1924. u Versaillesu (sto govori o njegovoj imucnosti i iz kakve obitelji potjece), a umro 21. travnja 1998. Vrlo je znacajan po svojem ustrojstvu postmodernizma nakon 1970. Bio je suosnivac Internacionalnog fakulteta filozofije zajedno s Jacquesom Derridom, Francoisom Chateletom i Gillesom Deleuzeom. Zasto spominjem njega? Zato sto je on autor knjige koju sam s uzivanjem citala, a koja se naziva ,Augustinova ispovijest." Vjerujem da je svatko od nas cuo za sv. Augustina i kako je velik covjek on bio. Ovo iznimno posthumno djelo bavi se Augustinovim Ispovijestima, jednim od kanonskih tekstova svjetske knjizevnosti. Lyotardova interpretacija Augustina usto predstavlja i konacan pregled cjelokupnog filozofskog pothvata, filozofova duboka razmisljanja o samim temeljima filozofije. Njegov se tekst usredotocuje na ono sto smatra sredisnjom Augustinovom ispovijescu: na priznanje apriorne zakasnjelosti, teskoce da se ne bude od ovoga svijeta, a da se istodobno zivi u njemu. Jean-Francois Lyotard nije uspio dovrsiti ,Augustinovu ispovijest" zbog smrti, ali ono sto sam procitala zaista je vrijedno citanja te stavlja covjeka, htio on ili ne htio, u neke druge sfere i dimenzije gdje je jednostavno primoran razmisljati o svojoj biti i postavljati si pitanje: ,Koja je moja svrha na Zemlji?" O tome ce biti rijeci u sljedecim retcima. RAZRADA Augustin (Aurelius Augustinus, 354. - 430.), krscanski filozof, teolog i knjizevnik, jedan je od najznamenitijih latinskih crkvenih otaca i ucitelja. Rodjen je u sjevernoj Africi gdje je i proveo najveci dio zivota. Augustin je stekao zamjerno klasicno retorsko obrazovanje te sve do svog obracenja predaje retoriku u rodnoj Tagasti, Kartagi, Rimu i Milanu. Kad je u 33. godini nakon prilicno lakoumne mladosti i duhovnih kolebanja presao na krscanstvo, vraca se u Afriku, gdje zivi isposnickim zivotom, zaredjuje se i umire kao biskup u Hiponu. Ispovijesti je napisao 10 godina nakon obracenja. Svojevrsna su lirska autobiografija Augustinova od rodjenja do pokrstavanja, a ujedno i hvalospjev Gospodu koji mu je na tom putu sazrijevanja pomogao. Donosim jednu njegovu ispovijest kako biste mogli potpuno biti u ovom tekstu, tj. kako biste razumjeli sve sto nam je Augustin ostavio, a potom to Lyotard okupio. Osvrt na opaku mladost Hocu da se podsjetim na prosle svoje sramote i putene pokvarenosti duse svoje, ne zato sto bi ih ljubio, nego da uzljubim tebe, Boze moj. Iz ljubavi prema tvojoj ljubavi cinim to, dozivajuci u pamet svoje preopake putove u gorcini svoga sjecanja, da mi ti postanes sladak, slasti neprijevarna, slasti sretna i sigurna, ti koji si sabrao razderane dijelove moga bica kad sam se od tebe jedinoga okrenuo i iscezao u tisucu ispraznosti. Raspaljivao sam se nekoc u mladosti da se nasitim pakla. Osmjelih se i podviljah u prevrtljivim i mracnim ljubavima; nestade moje ljepote i postadoh ti trulez u ocima tvojim, dok sam se svidjao sebi i zelio se svidjati ocima ljudskim. Djelo koje sam procitala zapocinje njegovim citatom: ,Tijelo svojom tezinom tezi k svome mjestu. Ali tezina ne poteze samo prema dolje, nego prema svome mjestu. Vatra tezi uvis, kamen prema dolje. Moja je tezina moja ljubav, ona me nosi kamo god sam nosen. Tvojim se darom zapaljujemo i podizemo; raspaljujemo se i idemo." Augustin preko Lyotarda progovara ovako: ,Zvao si me i vikao, probio si moju gluhocu, zabljesnuo si, sijevnuo i rastjerao moju sljepocu, prosuo si miomiris, a ja sam ga upio pa uzdisem za tobom, okusio sam ga pa gladujem i zedjam, dotakao si me i ja gorim za mirom tvojim." Tako usred svoje desete knjige, cujemo ga kako se tuzi, dok on za sebe kaze kako uzdise, nastavlja sa svojim jadikovkama, ispricava se, prigovara si da kasni, da nikad ne stize na vrijeme na razgovor s Bogom. ,Kasno sam te uzljubio, ljepoto tako stara i tako nova, kasno sam te uzljubio! A eto, ti si bio u meni, a ja izvan sebe. Ondje sam te trazio nasrcuci na ta lijepa bica koja si stvorio, a ja rugoba. Ti si bio sa mnom, a ja nisam bio s tobom. Mene su daleko od tebe drzale one stvari koje ne bi postojale kad ne bi bile u tebi.Tako ljubavnik uzdisuci nadrazuje petora usta zene, nadima joj samoglasnike uha, oka, nosa i jezika i kozu sto sisti. A sada je

High Fidelity essays

High Fidelity essays On the surface, High Fidelity is a story about breaking up and getting back together again. Only, thanks to director Stephen Frears narrative technique, we dont realize this until the credits start to roll. He plunges into the life of Rob Gordon, played by John Cusack, on the night his girlfriend, Laura, leaves him. Robs subsequent depression and self-analysis is the focus of the film; getting the girl back becomes secondary. Robs frustration from his break up with Laura reminds him of all of his other failed relationships, specifically, his Top Five All Time Break Ups List. His recounts of each girl are interspersed throughout the first half of the film. We only learn about Laura as we learn about Robs past. Consequently, the main part of the narrative is either flashbacks or direct commentary by Rob to the audience. This might seem to be a weakness, but it is in fact a vehicle for Frear to move the present plot forward. It is only through understanding Robs past, that we can understand his current angst. In addition, the slow revelation of the causes for his and Lauras break up reinforces Robs own mental journey. We learn things as Rob himself is ready to deal with them. For example, it is only when Liz, a mutual friend, marches into Robs record store and yells profanity at him, that Rob begins to think of what Laura probably told Liz. He finally lets the audience in on some of the things he did to cause the break up. Yet Rob still hasnt fully grasped what happened between him and Laura. It is a great strength, and in fact the very nature of the film, that we are limited to Robs mental struggle. All of the information is slowly laid out, to him, and to us. In his struggle to understand his current break up, Rob becomes obsessed with his past relationships, and decides to go out with them all again and ask them what w ...

EPA essays

EPA essays Prior to the 1920s, very few people were aware of the term or concept biosphere, and prior to the 1960s minimal people knew the term environment. Beginning around the 1930s, literature concerning this topic began to appear. Up until this time Americans thought of the natural world as being a storehouse of raw materials intended for human economic purposes. In the late 60s, Americans began to recognize an emerging crisis. They had seen firsthand serious environmental destruction. They lived near polluted lakes where it was too gross to swim or fish. They lived in grimy, air-polluted cities. They witnessed DDT killing wildlife. They were eating pesticide-ridden foods. People suddenly became aware of the environment. They realized that it isnt indestructible or invincible, and that humans were having a negative affect on the environment. This awareness sparked a concern among some Americans and thus began the conservation movement. The conservation movement sought to ensure wi se use of the latent wealth of nature. In 1965 the Conservation Foundation held a conference on Future Environments of North America. As a result of this conference many concerned authors published literature outlining the proceedings. These writings contributed to a heightened public awareness of an endangered environment. They began to bring political concerns to the public eye. Environmental pollution became a huge public health concern. Of course the conservationists did have many critics. At first it was considered just another special interest group similar to groups supporting women, seniors, gay men and lesbians, ethnic groups and cultures lobbying for attention. They faced huge critics in the developing stages. Hard scientists and engineers such as oil geologists, industrial chemists, etc. argued humanitys ingenuity and perseverance woul...

Strategic planning and contro Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Strategic planning and contro - Assignment Example Finally, an action plan will be provided, which will reflect my way of enhancing mu abilities for accomplishing the task objectives in future. From the overall project, I have developed an in-depth idea about Mobile Inc. By means of conducting the market research, the position of the company among the competitors as well as in the global economy was also understood. As per my understanding, it was necessary to conduct a SWOT analysis of the company in order to identify the external opportunities and threats to the entity as well as recognise its internal strengths and weaknesses. There are many external threats to the organization including fear of the competitors and various economical factors that might have further increased risks for the company in the global context. Moreover, various opportunities were also identified that would have helped the company to prosper and develop a competitive advantage over the competitors. However, the internal strength of the company revealed the efficiency of its human resource management and the workforce that led the company further to run effectively. Certain strategies were also r ecommended in order to achieve the long-term objectives of the company and an estimated cost was provided for the implementation of recommended strategies in the projected year. Moreover, in order to prepare the forecasted ratios and group financial statements, I had to analyze the financial report of the company as well as conduct a thorough market research in order to collect the relevant data. An in-depth research was conducted as well as the lecture notes were followed in order to prepare the project. Accordingly, I had to conduct a SWOT analysis of the company i.e. of Mobile Inc. in order to find out the external opportunities and threats as well as relate those with its internal strengths and weaknesses. In subsequence, detailed

AAA servers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

AAA servers - Essay Example Authentication is suitable for user identification, typically by having the user enter a valid password and username before access is . The authentication process enables each user to have unique criteria for gaining access to the computer. The AAA compares other user credentials within the database to the authentication credentials. The user is only granted access when the credentials match with one another. Authentication fails when the credentials are at variance, and the access is (Choi, Jung & Jang, 2007). After authentication, a user has to be authorized (authorization) to perform a certain task. The user may try to issue the command after logging into the system. Authorization is the process of determining the qualities or the types of resources, activities and services that a user is permitted to undertake. Accounting measures the resources that a user utilizes during access. It comprises the amount of data and time that a user has spends or used (Lopez-Fernandez et al., 2014). Bu is using the server the company can control access to information and data while at the same time keep record of the time and resources spent by the user. The motive authentication, authorization and accounting server addresses roaming partnerships, complex resource sharing and integration of disparate technologies such as Wi-Fi, LTE, DSL, GPON and small cell. The server delivers extended functionality for the deployment of blended multimedia services, wireless LANs and other networks supporting fixed mobile roaming. The server is beneficial to the organization since it supports unlimited numbers of subscribers having many configurations (Zaghloul & Jukan, 2009). Choi, H., Jung, C., & Jang, Y. 2007. Design and Implementation of User Authentication and Authorization System based on Remote Management Server for Home Network. The KIPS Transactions:Partd, 14D(5), 545-554. doi:10.3745/kipstd.2007.14-d.5.545 Lin, P., Cheng, S., & Liao, W. 2009.

Nursing Indicators Essay Example for Free

Nursing Indicators Essay Nursing indicators are measurable tools used in nursing. The indicators focus on the structure, process of nursing, and the overall patient outcomes of the care received by nurses. The structure of nursing care is based on the education and certifications as well as the skill level the nursing staff has. Process indicators are a way to measure nursing care through assessment, intervention, and reassessment. The overall patient outcomes that are based on nursing indicators are nursing driven. Examples are preventing falls, preventing pressure ulcers with rotating patient in bed, and changing IV’s to prevent intravenous infiltration (Nursing World, 2014). It is imperative to have an understanding of nursing indicators and be used on a daily basis. The nursing indicators could have been helpful in the case of Mr. J. If the Nurse and the CNA had known the importance of repositioning, and preventing pressure ulcers, then Mr. J wouldn’t of had the initiation of the reddened area on his back. Even if the CNA had not had the proper education to recognize the beginning stages of a pressure ulcer. It should have been communicated to the RN and a proper skin inspection/assessment could have been performed. As well as the patient repositioned frequently. A patient should only be in restraints if they are a harm to themselves or others. Frequent toileting, nourishments, repositioning, as well as removal of the restraints are all nursing assessment and reassessment indicators. If the patient is at a fall risk, generally restraints aren’t used. A big nursing sensitive indicator that is apparent is the satisfaction of the patient as well as the patient’s family. The nurse dismissed the concerns and religious beliefs regarding the patient’s Jewish beliefs. Just because the patient is confused, doesn’t mean its ‘okay’ to dismiss the importance of the specific diet ordered. Nursing sensitive quality indicators are an important part of establishing evidence-based practice guidelines.

Information and Electronic Commerce :: Internet Net World Wide Web Media

Information and Electronic Commerce The communication revolution, industrial revolution and now the electronic revolution have all made life easier for us. Electronic commerce is a small ingredient that has helped this electronic revolution get started, but does it really accommodate the entire population? Electronic commerce itself has had a major impact here in the U.S. with both its people and its economy. It has made us look at trading in a different way, besides traditional trading of concrete materials, "[it involves world trade] of entertainment, information services, technical information†¦ now accounting well over $40 billion of U.S. exports alone" (Framework, pg. 3). E-commerce makes transferring information fast, easy, and cheap, but it also has its downfalls, and not everyone can be satisfied. Personal privacy is now becoming obsolete, small businesses can now be managed by one person leading to the loss of potential jobs, and countries that are not as technologically advanced miss out in all the actio n. "Unfortunately, collection, re-use, and instantaneous transmission of information-can, if not managed carefully, diminish personal privacy" (Framework, pg. 16). E-commerce is a business itself that lets us know more information about the providers, consumers, and people in general. This could be a great if you have a business and want everyone to know who you are and what you sell. Others can, however, take your information and use it for the wrong purpose, invading your privacy and exposing it. A great example is essays over the Internet. Other people take these and sell them to other students. This invades your property and does not help anyone. The student who wrote it probably did not see any of the money and the student who bought a copy did not learn about the subject. However, if you still want to market yourself electronically, you will have to sacrifice your privacy in one way or another. E-commerce has helped small businesses to flourish. "Approximately 85% of existing businesses are categorized as small businesses, and approximately 85% of these are owned and operated by a single individual" (Electronic, pg. 120). This can ultimately lead to a loss of potential jobs. E-commerce facilitates business transactions so much that you no longer need a lot of people doing other work for you. Before a single individual could not handle a business, they would have to hire someone else to do different tasks. Now a single individual can make all the money, and all the others have lost a job.

Charter of Rights and Freedoms Essay

Former United States Attorney General Ramsey Clark wrote in the New York Times, â€Å"A right is not what someone gives you; but what no one can take away.† It is in this vein that a country drafts legislation to protect the rights of their inhabitants. In the United States there is the Bill of Rights, which consists of a preamble and the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, 1787 . The Charter of Rights and Freedoms is the first part of the Canadian Constitution Act, 1982 . Both of these documents provide for the rights and freedoms that both countries see as inalienable to their respective populations. This is where the similarity between them ends. These documents are vastly different. They were crafted in different centuries and therefore have different emphases. One key difference between the two documents is how they treat criminal law and the rights attached to an investigation. Another interesting comparison is what both documents do not discuss. In Canada, if a person is detained they are required to be informed of their constitutional right to an attorney in accordance to Section 10(b) of the charter and SCR R vs. Therens 1985. The judgment reads: â€Å"Where a detainee is required to provide evidence which may be incriminating and where refusal to comply is punishable as a criminal offence,†¦ s. 10(b) imposes a duty not to call upon the detainee to provide that evidence without first informing him of his s. 10(b) rights and providing him with a reasonable opportunity and time to retain and instruct counsel.† In the United States, a detainee’s right to council falls under amendment six to the constitution . Chief Justice Warren’s report reads: â€Å"The prosecution may not use statements, whether exculpatory or inculpatory, stemming from custodial interrogation of the defendant unless it demonstrates the use of procedural safeguards effective to secure the privilege against self-incrimination . . . As for the procedural safeguards to be employed . . . the following measures are required. Prior to any questioning, the person must be warned that he has a right to remain silent,  that any statement he does make may be used as evidence against him, and that he has a right to the presence of an attorney, either retained or appointed.† The difference between the details of these two ideas is great. The Charter makes the reading of the rights mandatory prior to anything that might be incriminating. This includes line ups, breathalyzers, etc . In the United States Miranda only has to be read once the person is custody, under interrogation or arrest. Miranda is the slang term given to the rights that the detainer is obliged to recite to the detainee before their detention. It begins with the lines made famous by cop shows, â€Å"You have the right to remain silent. Anything you do or say can and will be used against you in a court of law . . . † In Canada, because we have no Fifth Amendment law the detainee does not need to be warned against self incrimination. Also, in Canada, after the recitation of the rights, the detainee needs to be asked if they understand and if they want to call a lawyer now. These differences occur because of the nature of the two documents. The Bill of Rights was partially a reaction to anti-federalist complaints that the constitution gave to much power to the federal government. It was not written with the same forethought that was put into the Charter. Justice Lamer suggests that the differences emerge from the expansiveness that needs to be incorporated into a document of the charter variety . This is seen in other sections of both documents as well. The fourth amendment states, â€Å"The right of people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated.† The Charter states in s. 8, â€Å"Everyone has the right to be secure against unreasonable search or seizure.† This provision of s. 8 is broad and conditional only to the provisions of s. 7 and the principles of fundamental justice. Is the body protected by this right? Does search include both body and place? The 8th amendment states, â€Å"nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.† S. 12 uses the word â€Å"subjected†. The difference is that S. 12 can be applied to matters other then criminal punishment, as seen in Rodriguez v. British Colombia [1993] 3. S.C.R. The documents were written at very different times and for very different purposes. Out of this arise many differences. The Bill of Rights has a long history entangled with that of the American Constitution. It was the anti-federalists attack on the American Constitution. Patrick Henry told the Virginia Convention, â€Å"What can avail your specious, imaginary balances, your rope-dancing, chain-rattling, ridiculous ideal checks and contrivances.† They demanded a more concise constitution that clearly laid out the rights of the people and the limitations of the government. James Madison wrote in his diary, â€Å"that such fundamental maxims of free Government would be a good ground for an appeal to the sense of community against potential oppression and would counteract the impulses of interest and passion.† The Bill of Rights that Madison passed was based heavily upon The Virginia Declaration of Rights. The Virginia Declaration was a document that was written during the British occupation. Thomas Jefferson drew heavily upon it for The Declaration of Independence. Because it was written during the time of oppression of the British it very specifically counteracts the then current grievances. Is the issue of quartering a solider in your house at peace time such a pressing on that it is addressed in the Bill of Rights? There is no such provision in the Charter. Many of the rights guaranteed were those that were removed by the British. The British limited freedom of speech, freedom of assembly and freedom of the press. All of these rights are affirmed in the first amendment. To prevent revolution, the British limited the right to bear arms that is now protected in the second amendment. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms was written almost two hundred years after the Bill of Rights. It replaced the relatively ineffective Bill of Rights, 1960 that only affected the laws made after its inception. It was also a bill so it could be altered by an Act of Parliament. The late seventies, early eighties were a time of development and change. The country was still reeling from the FLQ crisis and was troubled by the possibility of Quebec separating from the rest of Canada. When Pierre Treudeau wanted to repatriate the constitution from Britain, he encountered heavy opposition  from the provinces, mainly Quebec. Tredeau then added the notwithstanding clause, or s. 33 of the charter to appease their concerns. What is seen as the Achilles heel, the flaw in the foundation of the charter is a result of the political pressures of the period in which it was written. The time period also had a great effect on the scope and nature of the charter. During the Treudeau years society began a liberalization that is continuing today. The rights of the individual became more and more important over those of the community. This is seen to the rights granted in the Charter that were not in the Bill of Rights. Mobility rights and equality rights were not expressly provided for in the Bill of Rights. The differences in the time periods have created documents with a very different focus. The American Bill of Rights protects the states against the tyranny and oppression of the federal government. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms protects individual rights and those of minority groups against subjugation by the majority. The Bill of Rights and the Charter do not provide for many rights that we see as fundamental. Both documents do not mention the word privacy or provide for definitions of expectations of privacy . They let the courts determine that reflective of society. It took a series of landmark rulings in 1973 for the USSC to define what â€Å"a reasonable expectation of privacy † is. The Canadian Supreme Court did the same with the first Charter challenges, including Hunter v. Southam Inc. and others. The Bill of Rights does not mention God, while the Charter begins with â€Å"Whereas Canada is founded upon the principles that recognize the supremacy of God and the rule of law.† This creates a complete separation of Church and State in the Bill of Rights, while providing for religious schools in the Charter. The Charter does not provide a right to property, economic rights or labour rights. This means that the rights of unions to bargain collectively, the rights to compensation for confiscated property and the right to form unions are not protected except by act of parliament. In the Bill of Rights it says, â€Å"nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just  compensation.† The Charter has Section One, a legal tool by which the Supreme Court can limit the rights of the people. It provides that no right is absolute and is subject to reasonable limits that can be justified in a free and democratic society. The Bill of Rights has no such tool. In fact, the first amendment begins, â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting . . .† This results in the USSC protecting the rights of Neo-Nazis to parade through a neighborhood of holocaust survivors and allowing for the formation of religious cults. The Charter also has s.33 as mentioned above. The provinces have the right to opt out of federal laws. In Quebec, all laws begin, â€Å"Notwithstanding the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.† The Bill of Rights has no such section. This is a result of the American Civil War. During the Civil War, the South succeeded from the Union because they chose not to abide by the slavery laws. To prevent this from happening again, no such provision was included in the Bill of Rights. The American Bill of Rights and The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms are two documents that protect the rights and freedoms of the citizens and landed residents of their respective countries. This is where the clear similarities between the documents end. They deal with the ideas of legal and prosecutorial rights very differently. The documents differ greatly in the origins and focus. The documents are also at variance in what they do not include. Both documents play a fundamental role in protecting the ways in which we live our lives. Their differences and variances provide and define the differences between our two societies. Bibliography: *Amar, Akhil Reed. The Bill of Rights: Creation and Reconstruction. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998. *Beaudoin, Gerald A. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Toronto: Carswell, 1989. *Douglas, Ann. The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Canda in the 80’s. Scarborough: Prentice-Hall Canada Inc., 1999. *Dumbauld, Edward. The Bill of Rights and What It Means Today. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1979. *Greene, Ian. The Charter of Rights. Toronto: J. Lorimer, 1989. *MacCharles, Tonda. â€Å"Book ‘Em Dano! Canada’s Tough Arrest Rules.† The Toronto Star 15 April 2002. *McKercher, William Russel. The U.S. Bill of Rights and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Toronto: Ontario Economic Council, 1983. *Supreme Court of Canada, http://www.lexum.umontreal.ca/csc-scc/en/index.html University of Montreal. *The Bill of Rights, http://www.nara.gov/exhall/charters/billrights/billmain.html National Archives and Record Administration. *U.S. Supreme Court, Arizona v Miranda, http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=384&invol=436 Findlaw.

Nursing Career and its Advantages in doing Higher Education Essay

Abstract Nursing image is changing every day from ancient gown and cap to colored scrubs. People choose nursing for different reasons. I chose this profession because; I like to be a role model for the new nurses. After I graduated as a Registered Nurse (RN) in 1999 my first patient said, â€Å"If an Angel has dropped from heaven that is you nurse†. R.Mariam (personal communication, June, 1999). This sentence inspired me a lot and gave hope in my career. Job satisfaction is an essential part in any profession especially in this field since, we deal with life and death and it helps to raise patient’s safety, performance, quality of care, patient’s satisfaction and productivity of the organization. Like in any other field, this field also has some frustrations, but facing the problem and coping with frustrations is what helps us to reach the goal. This paper also explains the advantages of doing continuing education since, nursing profession is widely spreading and changing every day and it needs highly qualified knowledgeable and competent employees to serve. Keywords: Nursing profession, Career, Job satisfaction, patient’s safety, quality of care, performance, productivity, frustrations, and continuing education. Nursing Career and its Advantages in doing Higher Education Nursing is an art, science and profession by which we render care for the patients irrespective of all ages, religion, caste or gender who are acutely ill and in critical condition. Nurses around the world make the largest group of health professionals. They are the back bone of the healthcare system. Nurses are not only providing care for the patients, but they are also responsible for the emotional welfare of patients and their families too. Career as a Critical Care Nurse: When I was a kid, I always wanted to pursue a career in nursing or medical field. I have a sister who is a nurse. At the age of 19 years in India, I  decided to go for nursing degree and I graduated as a Registered Nurse in 1999. Nursing profession touched me a lot and it made my career interesting. I started my career as an Operating Room scrub nurse and circulating nurse. It was interesting everyday by not only taking care of the patients, but also managing the operating room activities, ensuring that the equipment’s are safe and sterilized, equipment’s are properly audited and consent forms were filled and signed by concerned members of the family. It is very crucial to be an operating room nurse, as the entire procedure depends on the efficiency and job knowledge. It is the responsibility of the nurse to be the mediator between the patients, families and the physicians. Being an operating room nurse I did not have much interaction with my patients. Almost all patients in operating room gets general anesthesia. As an OR nurse, I felt I am not interacting with the patients well and I am not fulfilling my job as a nurse completely. After few years, I decided to become an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurse. Transition from OR to ICU nurse was little hard for me initially, but I enjoy working with the patients and spending enough time with them and their families. At times, I have to be an advocate between the patients, families and doctors because we deal with critically ill patients. Reason for Motivation to continue in Nursing: According to Locke and Lantham (2002), Personal goals play an important part in direction and maintenance of behaviors which is needed to achieve rewards. People who are confident, believe in their ability to achieve goal and believe that the attainment of goal will lead to successful career are the ones able to complete their task effectively to reach their goals (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994). Nursing profession is one of the widely expanding fields that call for passion according to (Raye, L. 2006). It is a good choice for people who find themselves more comfortable and satisfied in helping people who are in need to maintain and achieve normal health. Nursing offers wide variety of opportunities according to each individuals interests such as critical care unit, labor and delivery, pediatrics, geriatrics, telemetry, med-surg, oncology, infectious diseases, pain clinic, outpatient clinic etc. And also  it offers continuing education and competencies to keep the knowledge and skills up-to-date (Raye, L.2006). It offers flexible working hours such as three twelve hour shifts or four ten hour shifts (Blanche, J.2010). And due to the availability and shortage for nurses it offers incentive and bonuses for extra hours. It is a lifetime career which is flexible and rewarding. If we lose jobs in one position there are lots of available jobs in the market for talented individual s. It is also well-paying job with good benefits such as tuition reimbursement for higher education, medical benefits, life insurance and child care. Overall it is flexible. The reason why I have chosen nursing career was, a nurse who inspired me in my life and my interest towards, caring for human beings. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (1998, 2008) and the National League for Nursing (2007) identified caring as the foundation for nursing. At the age of 15 years old, my dad had a massive heart attack and he was in Intensive care unit. He was intubated, on the ventilator, with so many drips infusing, with monitor alarming all the time. My whole family was very upset and hopeless. The nurse who took care of my dad was very dedicated , honest and very knowledgeable , she went above and beyond in helping us in that situation, keeping track of vital signs, maintaining his breathing, keeping him hemodinamically stable, giving back care, mouth care, sponge bath and giving emot ional support to the family and explaining what’s is going on with him. Few days later my dad died in the hospital but the nurse who took care of my dad stayed in my mind. Since then I always wanted to be a nurse who is caring, attentive to the emotional wellbeing of the patients and their families, providing emotional support because family place trust and self-respect in our hands. They want us to keep their loved ones comfortable, pain free and monitored all the time and not left alone. My passion for nursing grew when a patient or family member smiles at me and say â€Å"Thank you†, it enlightens me and lights up my day with more energy and spirit. Frustrations in Nursing Profession: The most important thing that frustrates me is the charting. Now most of the hospitals are computerized, but some hospitals still do paper charting and add more and more paper work every day. This means I have to spend more time doing paper charting than taking care of the patients. Sometimes we are short staffed and we have to do not only the registered nurse jobs, but we also have to be a house keeper doing accidental cleaning, secretary entering orders, patient care tech, Phlebotomist doing lab draws and also calling doctors with the patient’s lab and radiology results if we don’t see them on rounds. These are the thing which frustrates me, because it reduces the time which we spend for the patient care. Overall, Frustrations are common and it can happen in any other field but the nature of frustration may differ. Advantages due to addition Education in my Career: 1. Now most hospitals in New Jersey prefer Bachelor’s degree in nursing and there is a â€Å"global shortage for nurses, it gives us job security† (Blanche, J.2010). 2. It offers potential high income for well qualified employees. 3. More choice availability to go back to school to continue in higher education for nurse practitioners, nurse anesthetist and nurse educator. 4. It also helps us to interact with the other hospital nurses and health care professionals in classes which help me to improve patient care and make my job more enjoyable. 5. It gives knowledge and skills in critical thinking in assessment and problem solving in everyday practice. 6. It offers opportunity to be a mentor for the new nurses and to be a resource nurse. 7. By doing Bachelor’s degree in nursing, I am sure by the end of the course I will be well trained in areas such as effective communication, leadership and critical thinking which is very important in today’s nursing practi ce as well as it is necessary for administrative position, research and teaching. References American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (1998). The essentials of baccalaureate education for professional nursing practice. Washington, DC: Author. American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2008). The essentials of baccalaureate education for professional nursing practice. Washington, DC: Author. Blanche, J. (2010). 10 reasons a nursing degree is a good best in education today. Retrieved from http://www.nurses-forum.com/blog/246/10-reasons-a-nursing-degree-is-a-good-bet-in-education-today/ Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2002).

Justice in the American South From Atticus Finch

Justice in the American South From Atticus Finch Atticus Finch is the hero and principal  character of both of American writer Harper Lees novels, the beloved classic novel To Kill a Mockingbird (1960), and the achingly painful Go Set a Watchmen (2015). In To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus is a strong, fully developed character:  a man of principle who is willing to risk his life and his career in the pursuit of justice for wrongly accused Tom Robinson. Atticus cares deeply about the rights of individuals regardless of race, making him an important role model for his daughter, Scout, from whose perspective the novel is written. To Kill a Mockingbirds Atticus is one of the best-known and most beloved father figures in American literature. Atticus Finch Quotes on Justice You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view....Until you climb into his skin and walk around in it. The one thing that doesnt abide by majority rule is a persons conscience.   Which, gentlemen, we know is in itself a lie as black as Tom Robinsons skin, a lie I do not have to point out to you. You know the truth, and the truth is this: some Negroes lie, some Negroes are immoral, some Negro men are not to be trusted around women- black or white. But this is a truth that applies to the human race and to no particular race of men. There is not a person in this courtroom who has never told a lie, who has never done an immoral thing, and there is no man living who has never looked upon a woman without desire. â€Å"But there is one way in this country in which all men are created equal- there is one human institution that makes a pauper the equal of a Rockefeller, the stupid man the equal of an Einstein, and the ignorant man the equal of any college president. That institution, gentlemen, is a court. It can be the Supreme Court of the United States or the humblest JP court in the land, or this honorable court which you serve. Our courts have their faults as does any human institution, but in this country, our courts are the great levelers, and in our courts, all men are created equal.† As you grow older, youll see white men cheat black men every day of your life, but let me tell you something, and dont you forget it- whenever a white man does that to a black man, no matter who he is, or how fine a family he comes from, that white man is trash. Courage Courage is not a man with a gun in his hand. Its knowing youre licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do. Mrs. Dubose won, all ninety-eight pounds of her. According to her views, she died beholden to nothing and nobody. She was the bravest person I ever knew.† Best way to clear the air is to have it all out in the open.   â€Å"You just hold your head high and keep those fists down. No matter what anybody says to you, don’t you let ‘em get your goat. Try fighting with your head for a change.† Raising Children When a child asks you something, answer him, for goodness sake. But dont make a production of it. Children are children, but they can spot an evasion faster than adults, and evasion simply muddles em. â€Å"Are you proud of yourself tonight that you have insulted a total stranger whose circumstances you know nothing about?† â€Å"Theres a lot of ugly things in this world, son. I wish I could keep em all away from you. Thats never possible.† Its never an insult to be called what somebody thinks is a bad name. It just shows you how poor that person is, it doesnt hurt you. Mockingbirds dont do one thing but make music for us to enjoy. They dont eat up peoples gardens, dont nest in corncribs, they dont do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. Shoot all the bluejays you want, if you can hit em, but remember its a sin to kill a mockingbird.† Quotes About Atticus Finch in  Go Set a Watchman The best and most ringing quotations from Go Set a Watchman are not those of Atticus, but rather about him, particularly words from his brother, Uncle Jack Finch. Jack Finch is instrumental in making the young adult Scout, Jean Louise, recognize that although her father is not the perfect saint she remembered from her childhood, he is still a fair man. Go Set a Watchman is a hard read for those of us who loved the ideal Atticus in To Kill a Mockingbird, but understanding the history of the novel explains why she couldnt write another word. She had written an ideal man of justice in the American South, and she knew that wasnt a perfect thing to be. Both novels define and describe Harper Lees coming of age. â€Å"Every man’s island, Jean Louise, every man’s watchman, is his conscience. There is no such thing as a collective conscious.† The Souths in its last agonizing birth pain. Its bringing forth something new and Im not sure I like it, but I wont be here to see it. You will. Men like me and my brother are obsolete and weve got to go, but its a pity well carry with us the meaningful things of this society- there were some good things in it. â€Å"As you grew up, when you were grown, totally unknown to yourself, you confused your father with God. You never saw him as a man with a man’s heart, and a man’s failings- I’ll grant you, it may have been hard to see, he makes so few mistakes, but he makes ’em like all of us.† The law is what he lives by. Hell do his best to prevent someone from beating up somebody else, then hell turn around and try to stop no less than the Federal governmentjust like you, child.   You turned and tackled no less than your own tin god. But remember this, hell always do it by the letter and by the spirit of the law. Thats the way he lives.

Get the full guide for commentary writing

Get the full guide for commentary writing Help in Writing a Commentary When you face with new kind of writing, you need a detailed guide to follow. Exactly such an approach helps the writer to make the text exciting, readable, and informative. The same is fair for commentary. What is this, how to write it, using actual requirements – you would get your answers in the following guide. The Definition of Commentary Commentary is a kind of paper that means in-depth analysis of another text. It differs from other similar tasks, such as thesis, essay, etc., so has its own rules in writing. Commentary is useful for different companies which publish short news and articles, such as newspapers. With this kind of paper, you can make a place for discussion of different topics by opposite points of view. As a result, commentary belongs to critical tasks but has a respectful tone of voice at the same time. There are several particularities of the process of commentary writing according to its origin. Proper Style and Tone of Voice So writing commentary means making a critical analysis of the primary source. Your text must contain the description of the current situation and potential consequences in the nearest future. The writer cant use only his fantasy because the document must be fair and relevant. So prefer facts, events, and other pieces of evidence from the original paper. Only such approach allows reaching readable and exciting commentary. Besides, the author should use his knowledge and skills in the exact field to make new paper based on the focal article. As a result, you can start an interesting and constructive discussion for your topic. Note, that you cant change the focus of your commentary. Make sure that your paper is concerned on the main subject of the original text, but not minor facts of the authors personality. Such mistakes are very spread among young writers. Of course, your aim is a critical analysis of someone elses job, but keep it respectable. Use the only constructive tone of voice and writing style to let your readers make conclusions on their own. The Guide for Making Commentary Be sure to highlight all the important points from the original text. According to this material, you can collect, sort, and finish important ideas in one document. Thats why you will make a draft, write an outline, proofread, and finish your commentary. In general, you aim to prepare the main aspects and share them in your text. So you will pass the following steps in your writing. Preparation Stage You must make all the preparations beforehand so there would be no misunderstanding in the future. Read the original text for several times. Such an approach guarantees getting all important facts. You must remember and understand each sentence, not to miss any vital point of view. Make notes with the most important facts and write your ideas while getting acquainted with the text. Such highlights will be a base for your commentary and text outline. Create an Outline An outline is the next part of the preparation stage of your commentary. You can start writing this block of text only after reading a primary text for several times and making highlights. This is like a basic preparation for outline preparation. To make a great outline, you need to review the original article structure. According to its particularities, you can create your bullets. Each one sentence should be relevant to your future text and primary source. Your outline will contain an introduction, several pieces in the body, and small conclusions. This is a simple example of an effective outline that will be great for your commentary. Collect Data for Introduction The introduction cannot be overvalued because this block of the text creates the first impression of your commentary. It would be great if your introduction will be not only interesting and readable but also catching and exciting. Make sure you did your best to make this block. So, first of all, you should identify the most important information. You should read and note the title of the paper, its genre, author, and date of publication. Be attentive to find there anything interesting for your paper. Remember, that commentary essay requires from the writer to add such information at the beginning of the text. Besides, you can use interesting facts connected with your primary source. For instance, explain the whole collection of writing, where your text for the analysis belongs. But you must distinguish interest and unimportant details, such as the authors favorite color. Such a mistake can cost you a lot because no one likes to waste your own time on third rate content. Identify Subject and Target Audience With such elements, you will start your body. It is created to explain all facts, data, events, etc. exactly in this part. You can create a list of questions for yourself and answer them in the body. Such a simple method helps to identify constructive parts in original text and share them in your commentary. Also, you may find the main accents in the primary source, highlight them, and rewrite in your essay. So remember your general aim: to share the main ideas and the focus of your primary source in the body. This section is called to explain the basic information for your readers: the main points of view, the authors purposes, etc. It is okay to share only the main ideas, but not all of them, so keep ranging all highlights according to your taste. Explain the Text This is a place to observe the structure of the writing (for example, poetry, prose, type of essay, etc.). Usually, writers have requirements in the structure, but also they can get a free blueprint. Thats why you can feel free and share your expressions in a commentary in any structure you are comfortable with. The most popular is prose. It is a simple note without any additional requirement. Just use your plan and dont think about special rhythm or text melody. Additional advice: dont push yourself into the unusual structure of the text, if it is not obligated. Yes, sometimes you need to risk gaining the best results. But experience shows that a good job is based on your skills and abilities. So experts in prose shouldnt risk it all and write poems. Choose the Text Presentation Then you need to identify the type of the voice (the first or second person) and the tone (friendly/official). To identify the type of person, you need to check who speaks the text. If you note the words like you and we, then you will describe all characters in the article. If there is only I, then using the first person is obviously. All such particularities must be described in your commentary. Dont think that amount of heroes is not important. It is as vitally important, as the main goals and ideas of the article. Understand the Proper Tone of Voice The tone of voice is a style of expression of the authors points of view. He can do it in any manner he is comfortable. Also, the choice of voice depends on the target audience and tasks which the writer had. For instance, the friendly tone of voice is extremely popular among youth in entertainment and job. They prefer sharing any information with strangers as they are friends. In other situations, you may need a serious tone of voice to highlight the particularities of the issue. Be sure that the tone of voice can change the impression from any situation. Even the choice of exact words can play a great role in the text destiny. The authors mood and experience cause the proper tone of voice, so such characteristics are unique for all types of content. There is also no special requirement for writers, so choose the most proper tone and type of voice for you. Most authors tend to use a neutral tone of voice, which looks like a smart combination of friendly and official language. But on special topics, you cant rely on a neutral impression. For instance, serious historical facts require more logical structure, and the story of the exact piece of art needs an emotional background. Highlight Important Language Tools Language tool is a special element which is used to increase the power of exact meaningful sentence or word communication. You can add metaphor and impress someone with your in-depth understanding of the subject or choose strong quotation to support your own point of view. In any case, such elements are strong tips for your text. All such language tools mean a lot for your commentary. Thats why you should note the literary tools in the text. You may highlight metaphors, conclusions, hyperbolas, alliterations, and so on. It is highly recommended reading special guidelines to identify tools and their meaning literally. Sometimes such elements in the text can mean more than a simple language tool. Besides mentioning these elements, you also must explain the meaning for the writer and his paper. Never make a mistake with the meaning of the language tool. It is worse than to skip this part at all. Add Quotes to Your Commentary Quotations are not obvious parts of your commentary, but they can bring it much more weight. The phrases from the original text will support your ideas and make your readers excited. There is no situation which cannot become better with the relevant quote. For instance, if you discuss the role of religion for the famous scientist in his researches, you should find his point of view with the keyword religion or other thematic words. Use his direct speech in quotation marks to support the exact fact. This would be the best evidence for your commentary. So choose the relevant sentences and take them in quotation marks in your essay. Such a simple tip will bring you great advantages in writing a commentary. Make a Summary The summary is the final conclusion for your commentary. This part is small, but it means a lot for writer, readers, and the text in general. To make a great summary, you should remember all the details of your text and use them as briefly as you can to share the last words. So write the final sentence to conclude the primary source and your job with absolute calm. Make several samples of summary and choose the best one. Try to put yourself in your target audiences shoes and make this paragraph exactly for them. Remember that this part shouldnt present new information, but support all previous facts and ideas in the commentary. Your body is a place for new facts, but not the conclusion. If you place here anything that was not mentioned before you will make a serious crime in the academic writing field, so let your summary be just a summary with your final words and nothing else. Keep Your Text in Presentable Form Presentation is very important for any job. You can create the best content but make weak presentations. Such a situation will cause only issues and will not bring any advantage. Or the writer may hide the weak content under the mask of impressive presentation and get more chances for success. But the best way is to keep both elements awesome. Your text must be excellent, and the presentation should be logic, nice, and pleasant. Prefer traditional writing styles and improve them with modern tips like pictures or scales. The tone of voice, writing manner, and paper quality are also important. Keep the balance of facts, descriptions, humor, information, and other elements in your commentary. Ask for a Feedback The feedback is an opportunity to hear the thoughts of your target audience. If you read your commentary in front of other people, you can get their first impressions and pieces of advice. Besides, you are also able to post your commentary online and get users comments. Their points of view can help you improve your content, its structure, tone of voice, and other particularities. So always give final proofreading to your friends and ask your audience for feedback. Get all advantages from peoples criticism and analysis. It is quite simple to encourage them to share their thoughts, so keep your voice friendly and let people support you. Proofread and Improve Your Paper The proofreading is a key to good commentary. There is no way to finish your material and do not polish it in several days. This is a very important rule among all editors, so always prepare time for such stage. Usually, proofreading requires from several hours to several days. The more time you have, it is better. The best way is to proofread your commentary in several days after you finish writing. The point is the author can be blind for his own text because he spends so many time on it and even can play by memory each sentence. In several days your brain will rest and be able to make independent proofreading. Also, remember the traditional requirements for all kinds of papers. Keep out mistakes and misprints, make the text readable, pleasant, and exciting. Of course, you are not a machine and can miss misprints, but your commentary will be damaged. Try to use the help in proofreading, for instance, special online tools or professional editors. Let`s Start It! Commentary isnt so simple as you can think for the first time. But you have all chances to execute such job on the highest level. Just keep these guidelines and follow all recommendations while making commentary. If you feel you need help, then just ask for professional support right now.

RC time constant of a capacitor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

RC time constant of a capacitor - Essay Example At the same time that happens, the upper plate receives electrons making it of a positive charge (Platt). This process is not instantaneous; it takes time. At the beginning, current is high and begins to decrease as charge accumulates on the plates. At the beginning there is no voltage across capacitor but increases as charging continuous. capacitor voltage Vc, increases towards Vb but asymptotically. During the charging and discharging process, exponential laws as below are adhered to Using the requirements provided the circuit was connected as shown above using a 470Â µF and 80,000á ½ ¨ resistor. Measurements using the multi-meter was taken for time intervals of 10seconds. The results of Vc, Vemf-Vc, Ln(Vemf – Vc/Vemf) were recorded in a table 1. At this moment the capacitor was fully charged. The value of voltage across V0 was recorded. The second part of the experiment began by undoing the switch from each procedure above and the timing process was done and table 2 was filled with relevant data Vc, Ln(Vc/V0), and time in table 2. Logger pro was opened and voltage adjusted to zero. Time constant was set to 150seconds. Capacitor was recharged holding the voltage probe across capacitor. Switch was flipped to B and hit collect on logger pro. Natural exponent function was selected on the logger pro. Data obtained was then recorded. The practical objective were met and the practical was successful. Data used for calculation was obtained from finding the average of the data obtained from trials 1 and 2. When a capacitor is connected to a battery, it charges and the rate at which it happens is dependent on the time constant. By opening the switch, the capacitor discharges. The theoretical value of the time constant differ from the practical value obtained after plotting the graph, finding gradient and calculating for time constant. This is due to human measurement errors, faulty components, and faulty meters. Timing in this experiment is the

Customer Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Customer Behaviour - Essay Example Three key concepts, service quality, satisfaction, and customer loyalty are no longer the centre of creating a relationship with consumers. The latest trend in emphasis in relationship to the consumer is value (Foss 2011). Creating value for the consumer, or at the very least the appearance of value, has emerged as the economic crisis has created a dynamic in which economic restraint is in fashion. Therefore, expenditures are assessed for the value in contrast to the cost that is experienced by the consumer. While value may be at the forefront of the corporate goals in relationship to consumer expectations, service quality, satisfaction and customer loyalty comes through the value that is attached to a product or service. While these concepts may seem to have become set aside in favour of value, value is defined by these aspects so that the consumer feels they are getting the best possible service and product for their money. One cannot truly create value if quality and satisfaction are not met, and without quality and satisfaction, loyalty will not be the result. In trying to determine value, it is important to set criteria through which the company can operate and the consumer can perceive the value of their purchase. As an example, if a company can build computers for a lower rate, but still maintain high quality that have added an aspect of value for the consumer. ... Customer value comes when people become customers through repetitive buying behaviours, though adapting to the culture of the product line, and through becoming a resource that is then tapped in order to create further success. Understanding how customer value is achieved requires understanding consumer behaviour. Thus an understanding of the relationship between the organisation and the consumer can be achieved (Samover, Porter, and McDaniel 2011). The necessity to understand how value to the consumer and customer value is achieved must be attained through an understanding of relationships as they are defined through service quality, satisfaction and customer loyalty provides for the comprehensive understanding of customer value and in achieving value for the customer. Without the foundational concepts, the idea of value becomes a meaningless term with no basic understanding. It is essential that service quality, satisfaction and customer loyalty be involved in the construction of t he overall dynamic of the relationship that exists between the organisation and the consumer. Through these concepts, value is constructed Value The idea of value is based upon the exchange of use for benefit. From the perspective of the consumer, a product provides value through the benefits that are achieved in its use in comparison to the money that was spent to achieve the purpose that was intended. Value to a consumer, in this economic stage of history, is defined on a great number of levels, some of which are at the basic level, others residing at the level of self-actualisation. If Maslow’s Theory of Needs is applied to the concept of value, the basic needs such as food, shelter, and safety are

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS - Assignment Example The perception that the good teacher turnover rate gives is that lessons are conducted accordingly. â€Å"Grade 3 performance in English language recorded a commendable positive growth in 2012 compared to the results in 2011. We are happy teachers have been responsible in their class attendance. We are also hopeful that the district will record improved performances in the next few years,† Albany City School District’s head of teachers union said while referring to the 3% performance growth in 2012 compared to 2011. â€Å"We rejoice that there is an upward trend tax cuts and funding for schools in this district. This is a realization of the fourth consecutive improvement in district education financing in the district budget,† Executive Director of the state’s School Board Association, Tom Kremer noted. School district budget proposals in the category of students with disabilities in Albany City School District helped in recording high numbers of the students registered in schools compared to the percentage (40%) that were not registered as of October 2011. â€Å"That said,† he adds, â€Å"registration of physically challenged students is very high.† Tom Kremer has joined the chorus of stakeholders who believe that districts are focused at catching up with the effects of cuts initiated by the recession of 2008. As is often the situation, several interest groups have also added education funds after negotiations. For example, the governor had proposed a total of $806 million increase that finally ended up in a hike of about $1.1 billion. The budget will to the school districts in Albany were valued at $89 million. The effects of these are enormous; the overall numbers of all students have increased looking at the ‘Student Group Results’ between 2011 and 2012. Helen Brook, a high school student, in one of the schools in Albany City wanted to move to a neighboring school within the region. She was after

Learning Plan Essay Example for Free

Learning Plan Essay The learning plan described in this paper is to have students debate a topic related to the Civil War. The debate topic is â€Å"Was the Emancipation Proclamation enacted for moral reasons or political reasons?† The main concept of this learning plan is to have students work collaboratively to research facts, and recall and use facts from the Civil War unit to incorporate into their arguments. (It should be noted that the learning plan described in this paper will take several classes to complete, however the learning plan procedures will only address the class where the debate will occur. ) It is assumed that debate skills were taught in a previous class. The learning theory certainly incorporates constructivist aspects. They are constructing knowledge rather than absorbing it. This is constructivist approach is illustrated through the collaborative nature of the assignment, as well as through the research that students’ must produce. In terms of the use of technology and media; the students will be instructed to research one source of information, from the internet, related to their argument. They must submit a one-page analysis of the information in which they found along with a references page. This must be submitted to the teacher a week before the scheduled debate. The teacher will assess the content of the paper, but the references page will also be important. Teacher must evaluate the kinds of internet sources that the students have used. The credibility of the internet source, and the strength of student’s research will be analyzed by the teacher. The purpose is to assess student’s traditional literacy and critical analytical skills (assessed when evaluating the content), and information literacy/interpretation skills of online material (assessed by reviewing the reference page). Finally, the teacher will hand back papers to the students, and he/she will instruct each group to use at least two of their group members’ papers into their group’s arguments. Media and technology will also be incorporated with the use of social media. The teacher will tell students that their debates will be recorded and submitted to youtube or a private school website (if issues of privacy are raised). Others will be allowed to view the video to evaluate the strength of each team’s arguments. Based on the comments of public viewers, a winner will be chosen (by popular vote). This popular vote will be incorporated as a small percentage into the assessment. This is being done as to allow students to  participate in new media opportunities within an educational context. Learning Plan Context Setting The high needs school will be a High School in the Bay Area, either in San Francisco or Oakland. There will be 25-30 students in an individual classroom.  The lesson will take place the week after the Civil War unit is finished. It is anticipated that the unit will last about two weeks, therefore the debate class will occur during the third week. The actual debate class will take up one class period. The content area is US History/Politics. The grade level is Juniors (11th grade). In sum, the curriculum unit is 11th grade, US History/Politics, Civil War unit. Standards According to California standards for literacy in History/Social Studies in 6-12th grades. A student must be able to demonstrate analysis of primary and secondary sources, and connect these insights to the understanding of the whole text. This ability will be addressed and assessed when students must incorporate information learned from the textbook with information gained from the internet, and use both sources of information, into their debate. The student’s ability to undertake this task will be evaluated by the teacher with the submission of student’s sources, and also during the debate. (http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/finalelaccssstandards.pdf.) Also according to California standards, students must be able to evaluate various explanations for events and actions. Learning Objective Students will be able to collaboratively demonstrate their knowledge of Civil War policy, events and information, from the textbook and from online sources, by formulating arguments to be presented within a debate. Learning Theory Applications Constructivism is certainly at play in this lesson plan: The activity allows knowledge to be organized into schemas, concepts, and worldviews. This activity is emphasizing the use of authentic activities by constructing knowledge through interaction with the environments (internet and peers), and applying it to real-life situations (debate). The collaborative component certainly illustrates constuctivism; learners will help each other create conceptual connections. Finally, students are working autonomously with the help of the teacher as facilitator, supporter, and model (Ormrod, 2006). Learning Accommodations: Individualized Education Plan for Special Accomodations: In each team, all students will be assigned a role. For example, â€Å"speaker†, â€Å"writer†, â€Å"time-keeper†. A student’s IEP will be taken into consideration when assigning roles. A student with an IEP, will be assigned a role that best fits their IEP. For example, a student with ADD, may be best suited to be a time-keeper since their attention span is not as focused. They may be anxious to change the pace of the group’s discussions, and therefore they may be eager to keep track of the time. Language Development needs: When assigning the internet-based research; the teacher will give ELL students a website to navigate to, instead of having the students navigate the internet themselves. Teacher will give explicit instructions as to where to look on the website so students do not feel too overwhelmed with the English language. Teacher will ask the students to try to comprehend some of the information, however if this proves too difficult, then the teacher will ask the students to find 15-20 words from the website that the student did not understand. The student will then find the meanings of these words in their own language. They must write at least a paragraph about the Civil War unit incorporating five of the words that they found on the internet. Also,  at least two of these words must be incorporated into the arguments of their team. Gifted and Talented needs: This is a challenging component to consider because a gifted/talented student does not necessarily mean an academic-rigorous student. To really tailor the lesson to address the interests of a gifted/talented student, then the teacher will have to be familiar with the personality of that particular student. However, some situations will be addressed here. First of all, from the research, the lesson itself befits that of a gifted/talented studen t. Competition, which characterizes a debate, usually suits the nature of gifted/talented students. The first situation to consider is a student who is gifted/talented, but not academically rigorous. This student will be given a leadership role within his/her team. He/she may be assigned to organize/manage all the ideas of the students. He/she is the one who will be given the rubric for what the teacher is assessing when observing the team’s discussions and arguments. He/she is the manager, and he/she will be assessed on their ability to keep his/her team on task. In this way, this student isn’t necessarily doing more â€Å"academic† work, but he/she is being challenged in a rather difficult manner. A second situation to consider is to have a gifted/talented student who is academically rigorous. The teacher will give this student a second component to add to his/her research paper. The student must connect textbook material and internet material to the US politics o f today. This is increasing the cognitive process from analyze (which all students must do with their research papers) to evaluate (Anderson and Krathwol, 2001). The student can choose to incorporate this extra component into their team’s arguments. Resource Accommodations: Low tech: There are no computers, projector, or internet access in the classroom. If this is the case, teacher may have to allocate time in different lessons to use school facilities where computers are available. Computers must be used so that the teacher can show students the kinds of websites that are credible, as well as to use sites, like youtube, to show students examples of debates. Computer use is necessary so teacher may have to take time before or after school to meet with students (who are willing) to show them the above-mentioned websites. Mid tech: One computer connected  to a projector is available in the classroom. The teacher can use this computer to show examples of credible websites, as well as to show examples of debates online. High tech: Class is equipped with several computers. Teams can go online themselves to view videos of debates and start research for their paper. In this way, the collaborative nature of the lesson will start even earlier (in the pre-plan ning stage). Content-Based Literacy Skills In terms of text-based literacy; students must incorporate information from their textbook into their arguments Critical thinking, reflective thought, and text-supported thinking will be illustrated when students must draw connections between internet-based information and textbook information while doing their analysis/research paper. This connection will be evaluated when student’s cute their sources within their paper. (This explanation will also illustrate students’ information literacy.) New Media Literacy Skills Performance: This skill is illustrated when students view sample debates on the internet and use this as models of performance in their own debates. Collective Intelligence: This skill is done when students are within their respective teams and they must draw upon their own and others ideas, research, and knowledge to formulate strong arguments. Judgement: This skill is illustrated when students must judge which websites and information are to be included in their research/analysis paper. Networking: Once again, this skill is illustrated when students must search, connect, and analyze information on the internet for the purpose of their research/analysis paper (Jenkins, 2001). Learning Material: Textbook: Learners will need textbook so that they can recall information. Paper, pen: Leaners will need so that they can write down information. Rubric: Both the learner and teacher needs. Learners need it so that they are aware of what’s expected of them while working in teams and formulating their arguments. Teacher needs it so that he/she can refer to it when assessing the team’s progress. Notes: Learners will need them as a reference when formulating arguments. Stopwatch/watch: This will be given to  the student whose job is timekeeper. Video Camera: Used to record the debate Learning Plan Procedures Phase I: Motivation Activity Teacher will show a short clip of a very powerful, interesting debate. Possibly a presidential debate. The clip will only show the most poignant part (according to the teacher) of the debate. Hopefully the clip will be no longer than 5 minutes long. (if there’s no computer available, then teacher must bring in her/his own computer.) In a class of 30 chair/table. There will be 15 chairs/ tables on each side of the room. They will be facing eachother. Learners will enter the classroom and sit down immediately with their team. The teacher will then show the video as soon as the class is seated and quiet. This activity is being done to motivate, encourage, and remind students of what a good debate looks like so that the output of the students’ debates can match skills such as speaking (clear and concise) and eye-contact of the debaters within the video. Phase II: Input (Teacher Driven) Activity: During this class, the teacher will, serve only as facilitator, therefore not much activity will be driven by the teacher. However, after the video, the teacher will remind students of the rubric that was given to them, and tell students that she/he is only their to assist in the logistics of the debate (time, flow, managing emotions if this becomes a problem). The teacher will also instruct students to take notes on each other’s arguments because this assignment will be important for their homework assignment. She/he will also remind student that they will be recorded. Teacher will tell all students to take out their rubrics. She/He will go over some key point from the rubric as it relates to the debate. The teacher will tell students to make sure that they keep these key points in mind because these points will be assessed during the debate. The teacher will instruct students to have their rubrics out for the entire class so they can monitor their team’s progress by themselves. Teacher will formally go over key questions from the rubric that he/she hopes the teams have incorporated into the nature of the debate (clear speech, eye contact,  concise points, respectful behavior) as well as into the content of the debate. In term of the nature of the debate, questions might look like â€Å"Is my team being quiet/respectful as the other team presents their arguments?†, â€Å"Are my responses to the other’s teams arguments not insulting?† etc. In terms of the content of the debate, questions may look like, â€Å"Did my team incorporate facts from the textbook?†, â€Å"Did my team use at least two credible internet sources within the argument?†, â€Å"Did my team follow special instructions assigned by the teacher (e.g. incorporating ideas from IEP students, ELL student, gifted students)?.† This activity and these questions serve to remind students of the importance of the collaborative nature of the learning objective. They also serve to remind students that they must be able to demonstrate their understanding of the Civil War unit, as well as their understanding of outside sources within the context of an argument. Phase III: Output (Learner Driven) Activity Students will take part in a debate. The topic is â€Å"Was the Emancipation Proclamation enacted for moral reasons or political reasons?† This activity will illustrate the learning objective in several ways. First, the collaborative nature of the previous classes will finally be demonstrated. Second, the students must illustrate their knowledge of Civil War policies within their arguments. Third, both sides’ arguments must include information from outside sources. The teacher will select one team to present their arguments first. Recording will begin The speaker of that team will stand up and come to the front of the class. They will present their team’s argument. In the argument they must mention the sources in which they got their information. For example, if they got a particular piece of data from the textbook, then they must state â€Å"As is presented in the textbook†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . If they got a particular piece of data from the internet then they must state, â€Å"As is presented on so-called website, or by so-called author†¦Ã¢â‚¬  They must also explicitly state how they used the â€Å"special instructions† from the teacher. For example, â€Å"(ELL’s student’s name) found that ‘compromise’ was not a possible solution of the Civil War.† In this example, it is assumed that compromise was on a list of words that an ELL student did not understand. He/she presented these list of words to  his/her team. The team reviewed the list, and chose to use the word compromise as part of their argument. The student will finish the presentation of his/her argument. The teacher will tell the next team to present its argument. The team will follow the same procedure as above. The teacher will then stop recording of the debate. This debate will naturally lead to questions, comments from both the teacher and the students. Phase IV: Culmination  The teacher will ask the groups to clear up any misunderstandings or misinformation the teams may have had within their argument. This is to give other team members a chance to speak about the argument, which reinforces the collaborative effort of the lesson. The teacher will also ask students how their team’s or the other team’s information and debate skills differed and how these things were similar to the debate presented in the beginning of the class. As a smaller activity, the teacher will instruct all the students to come up with one question, comment, critique of the other team’s argument. This assignment will illustrate each student’s understanding of the Civil War Unit because it challenges students to relate, connect, or counter-argue their own knowledge of the unit. This question will be submitted to the teacher. Phase V: Exten sion For homework, students will write a one-page analysis of the opposing teams arguments. The student will address the opposing side’s arguments. He/she will evaluate the argument’s weaknesses, strengths; and why he/she disagreed or agreed with the points that were made. Learning Plan Analysis Formative assessments will include analyzing the collaborative efforts of the team, the behavior of each team during the presentation of the opposing team’s arguments, how well each team member took on their role within their team, and how well the team incorporated textbook information, outside information, and ‘†special instructions† from the teacher into their argument. A summative assessment will include the teacher’s evaluation of the internet analysis/research paper, the one-page analysis of opposing team’s argument, teacher’s evaluations of the strength of the arguments, and finally the â€Å"popular vote† (the results of youtube or school-based website). Weaknesses of this lesson plan include time constraints, and the many assessments involved. It may be difficult to accurately assess how well each team members took on their roles. Some students may still be taking on more work than others. Also, incorporating ELL/IEP students proved to be a difficult task.. Strength of the lesson is it fosters team work, analytical skills, and gives students more power in the direction and implementation of a lesson. The teacher will implement these varied assessments in its first year, and then will evaluate the effectiveness of these assessments for future classes. The learning theories applied in the first phase was Vygotzky’s Cognitive Process. Students are witnessing two adults debating and they are expected to try to learn/imitate the behaviors of those adults. In the second phase, social cognitive theory is at play. The teacher both models desired behaviors/outcomes, as well as emphasizes self-efficacy and self-regulation. In the third phase, constructivism is illustrated. The debate is student-driven because the students are demonstrating their constructed knowledge within the debate. The assessments have a behaviorist component. Negative reinforcement (decrease a behavior) is illustrated when the teacher warns students that if they are not respectful or a team member does not contribute meaningfully, then they may be marked down (Ormrod, 2008). References Anderson, L. W. , Krathwol, D. R. (2001) . A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing, 28-31. California Department of Education. (2013) California Common Core State Standards. http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/finalelaccssstandards.pdf Jenkins, H., Clinton, K., Purushotma, R., Robison, A. J., and Weigel, M. (2006). â€Å"Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for the 21st Century.† Chicago, IL: MacArthur Foundation. Ormrod, J. E. (2008). Educational Psychology Developing Learners, 8. 25-36. Teachers First. (2014) http://www.teachersfirst.com/gifted_strategies.cfm